For a long time, conspiracy theories have been studied as part of the political discourse and a means of political manipulation, and within the framework of political historiography have been recognised as distorted and alternative constructs of the truth. Only since the end of the last century have the interests of the humanities and social studies been coming into focus. At the same time, the manner of the transmission of conspiracy theories has changed: from environments of oral and local dissemination they entered the global market of information exchange through the use of the internet. The article discusses the methodological apparatus of studying conspiracy theories online. At the same time, it offers a number of methodological paths for cases when computer programmes allowing mass processing of data with the purpose of quantitative analysis are not available. These are derived from the methodologies of digital ethnography, user path analyses and SNA methods, and can be successfully combined with the established qualitative methods.